Timothy c



T 0. EASTMAN. I Refrigerating Apparatus.

No. 224,521. Patented Feb. 17, I880.

ILFETERS, PNOTO-LITHOGRAPHER. WASHXNGTON. D C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

'TIMOTHY O. EASTMAN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

REFRIGERATING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 224,521, dated February17, 1880.

Application filed April 23, 1879.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, TIMOTHY G.- EASTMAN, of New York, in the county ofNew York and State of New York, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Refrigerators or Cooling Apparatus, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention pertains to certain improvements in refrigeratingapparatus for the preservation of meats and similar perishable articleseither in store or market or in transit; and the invention consists inthe combination of a preserving-chamber or chill-room with a circulatingsystem of pipes and equalizingchambers, so that a cold or cooling liquidmay be continuously circulated from a reservoir throughout thechill-room in such a manner that the air coming in contact with the coldfrom the circulating agent will be cooled, and thereby act as aneleni'ent of preservation to the articles exposed in the chill-room, aswill hereinafter appear.

usual manner, of double thickness, with a deadair space between them, orwith some non-conducting element interposed, as asbestus, haircloth,mineral wool, or other suitable non-conducting substance or agent.

The floor, as at B, of the saidcompartment or chill-room may be inclinedto apoint where y a drip-pipe or valve may permit the escape of thewater of condensation from the room.

At suitable points in the said compartment are placed cylinders orupright chambers, as at O, to receive and hold the cooling-liquid, whichis formed in and supplied from a reservoir or tank, as at D, which islocated above the cylinders or chambers C, so that the cold liquid, byits own gravity, will descend and circulate into and through thechambers or cylinders by the pipes E and 13, which connect them witheach other and with the reservoir and the pump, which is shown at G, andwhich may be used as an agent for increasing the circulation when it isdesired to make the action more active than would be caused by thenatural circulation of theliquid by its own gravity. i

As shown in the drawings, the upper end of the first cylinder isconnected with the bottom of the reservoir D by a pipe, as at E, whichex-fl tends down into the cylinder or chamber C, so as to conduct thecold liquid down into the center of the mass, so thata circulation oftheliquid in the cylinder or chamber will be produced in reversedcurrents. The colder liquid being forced down through the center willdisplace the warmer, next to the exterior of the chamber, which, as itrises, will become cooled by meeting, to a greater or less extent, thecold descending current, and thus render the temperit is again broughtihcontact with the ice, or;

other cooling agent, and thence returned into the equalizing-chambers,as already explained.

Thesechambers may be made in an oval or flattened form instead ofcylindrical, as here shown; but in Whatever form they may be made it isimportant that theyshould be much. larger than the pipes which connectthem to the reservoir and to each other, in order that a return currentmay be caused in each of them to equalize the cold within them.

At K are shown flanges projecting out from the chambers G, which serveto cause eddies in the air as it comes in contact with the surfaces ofthe cooling-chambers, and thereby increase the more general circulationthan if allowed to descend the entire length of the column or chamberwithout being disturbed.

An outlet or overflow pipe may be attached.

to the last chamber in the system, as shown at L, and it is providedwith a stop-cock, so that it may be opened to let the air escape fromthe apparatus when first charged, or to serve as an overflow whenever itmight be desired to let the liquid out of the apparatus for any purposeWhatever. Stop-cocks may also be attached to the lower ends of each ofthe chambers O, to draw off the liquid from them when desired.

Instead of the pump being so connected as to lift the liquid again intothe reservoir, as shown and described, it may be so connected as todrawthe liquid from the reservoir and force it out through the pipes andequalizingchambers, and return it again to the reservoir. In this casethe reservoir may be located anywhere convenient for the tubes or pipesto be connected with it.

I am aware that an apparatus for cooling air has been constructed ofseveral open boxes containing ice and salt, connected with each otherand with a pump located below the boxes by means of pipes or tubes, fordrawing the brine from a box at one end of the series and forcing it upinto a box at the other end, for causing a continuous circulation, andsuch I hereby disclaim. These open boxes permit contact of the air inthe refrigerator with the refrigerating-liquid, which is objectionableon account ofraising the temperature of the liquid and rendering it lesseffective, and as com municating moisture to the air, which it isdesirable to keep as dry as possible. My refrigerating-chambers beingclosed, these objections are overcome.

Having thus described my invention, I desire to claim 1. In arefrigeratingapparatus, the combination, with the chill-room orpreserving-chamber, of a series of upright closed chambers arrangedaround and within said chill-room, an elevated reservoir or tankcontaining the 0001- ing-liquid, a pump connected with said reservoir ortank, and pipes which connect with thepump, the reservoir, and theupright closed chambers for circulating a continuous supplyofcooling-liquid throughout the upright closed chambers and returningthe same to the ele-- vated tank, the pipes connecting the chambersleading from near the top of each chamber into and to near the bottom ofthe succeeding chamber, in order that thorough circulation may be causedin all and their surfaces uniformly cooled, all substantially as and forthe purpose described.

2. The combination, with the reservoir or tank D, pump G, chill-room A,and series of upright closed chambers arranged around therein, of apipe, E, connecting the reservoir and one of the upright closed chambersand leading within and to near the bottom of said chamber, pipes F,connecting said chamber with the remainder of the series, each of saidpipes leading from near the top of one chamher into and near the bottomof the succeeding chamber, and the return-pipe H, connecting the pumpand the last of the series of chambers together, the said pipes E, I andH each extending down into the upright closed chambers, substantially inthe manner and fo the object herein set forth.

8. In a refrigerating apparatus, substantially as hereinbeforedescribed, the "ertical chambers or cylinders (1, provided with theflanges K, as and for the purpose set forth.

TIMOTHY G. EASTMAN.

Attest:

BOYD ELIOT, JOHN W. RIPLEY.

